Ambient Air Vaporizer

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Adhering to the business philosophy of "integrity and rigor, technical expertise, quality assurance, quality assurance, efficient service", we provide our customers with advanced products and quality service.

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The company has a number of qualification certificates and administrative licenses, such as pressure piping components manufacturing license, to ensure the legitimacy and standardization of the company's business.

What is Ambient Air Vaporizer

Ambient air vaporizers use heat from ambient air to vaporize liquid and heat the gas. Their flow rate is the function of ambient-atmospheric conditions (temperature, wind, humidity). The tabulated data are for standard vaporizers for LIN for 8 hours continious operation with nominal capacity when ambient air relative humidity and temperature are 70% and 20oC respectively. Vaporizers are cleaned and certified for oxygen service.

Advantages of Ambient Air Vaporizer

Improved energy utilization efficiency
The ambient air vaporizer can convert solid or liquid fuels into gaseous fuels, which improves fuel utilization efficiency and reduces energy consumption. Gas boilers, gas power generation, industrial gas and other fields widely used gasification technology, improve the efficiency of energy use, and contribute to environmental protection and energy saving cause.

Reduce pollution emission
Ambient air gasifier converts fuel into gaseous state, which can reduce the emission of solid and liquid wastes and harmful gases brought about by fuel combustion, and avoid the pollution of the environment. Compared with the traditional coal and oil burning, gasified fuel has lower emission, which is more significant to the protection of the atmospheric environment.

Convenient to carry and store
Solid or liquid fuels have the shortcomings of occupying large space, easy to flammable and explosive, difficult to store, etc., while the small size of gas fuels, easy to carry and store, making the use of gas more convenient. For example, in some areas, the use of gas to replace traditional fuels has become the norm in family life, which can make life more convenient.

Safe and reliable
The use of ambient air vaporizer will not produce flammable, explosive and other safety hazards, greatly reducing the safety risks in the process of use. At the same time, the gasification fuel in the combustion process, high calorific value, combustion more fully, more stability and reliability.

Low cost
The use cost of gas is lower compared to traditional fuels, which is mainly due to the abundance of natural resources of gas, low development costs, and environmental air gasifier can improve the utilization efficiency of fuel and reduce energy consumption, thus making the use cost of gas lower than traditional fuels. In addition, with the continuous development of gasification technology, the cost of using gasified fuel will continue to decline.

Working Principle of Ambient Air Vaporizers

The working principle of a gasifier can be simply summarized as follows: by heating, compressing or reacting, the fuel releases combustible gas and mixes the gas with the right amount of air or oxygen to make it reach an optimal combustible state. In this case, the process of gasification is divided into two thermodynamic stages: pyrolysis and gasification reaction. Through pyrolysis, the fuel in the oxide is cracked into gaseous products, and then these gaseous products are reacted with the appropriate amount of gas to produce combustible gas to meet the needs of industrial production or civil use.

Application Areas of Ambient Air Vaporizers

Gasifiers have a wide range of applications in industrial production and energy development processes, providing reliable, efficient and environmentally friendly energy for factories and homes. The gasifier can be used in gas boilers, gas generators, oil and gas hydrogenation equipment and other fields, and is widely used in power generation, metallurgy, chemical industry, building materials and other industries as well as ordinary households.

How Do Ambient Air Vaporisers Work?

Since the surrounding air is at a higher temperature than the product; heat from surrounding air is transferred to the product in the vaporiser.
While ambient air vaporisers are in use, it is normal to see a mist forming. This is caused by the moisture in the air, condensing and freezing. The intense cold of cryogenic liquid and the moisture in the surrounding air will create frost and ice will build up on vaporiser tubes, gradually.
For this reason ambient air vaporisers have a limited running time before the frost and ice has to be cleared from the tubes.
The performance of ambient air vaporisers may be impaired during prolonged periods of severe cold weather. This will create additional frost and ice formation, causing a performance drop.

Types of Ambient Air Vaporizers

Open rack type ambient air vaporizer (ORV)
The open rack type ambient air vaporizer is essentially a heat exchanger that uses water as a heating source. The heat exchanger tubes have to be mechanically strong enough to handle the low-temperature LNG flowing through the tubes, and are usually made of finned aluminum alloy tubes, with the side of the tubes that contacts water on the outside of the tubes treated with anticorrosion treatment.
The mechanical construction of this type of equipment is very simple. The heat exchanger tubes are arranged in a box, connected to the inlet of LNG and the outlet of gasified products, and suspended on a rack. This construction is characterized by easy access and maintenance. Maintenance of this type of equipment is very simple due to the fact that there are no moving parts and the number of instruments used is very small. The switching of the equipment can be controlled from a distance without the need for staff to be present on site.
Changing the operating load of this type of equipment is as simple as changing the amount of seawater flowing into the sprinkler system or changing the amount of liquefied natural gas flowing through the piping. Since the unit can be designed as a single unit, it is possible to isolate part of the piping bundle to change the load. The safety aspects of the Open Frame Ambient Air Gasifier are reliable. Since there is no open flame in the system, small leaks from the hydrocarbon containing piping can be volatilized to the atmosphere.

Submerged combustion type ambient air vaporizer (SCV)
The name of the submerged combustion type ambient air vaporizer comes from its functional characteristics. Liquefied natural gas flows through a coil made of stainless steel, which is submerged in a water tank. The hot gas flow comes from the submerged gas burner and the water in the tank is heated by direct contact with the hot gas flow.
Due to this coil arrangement, the unit is compact in design and does not require a large amount of land for installation. The flue gases leaving the burner are injected into the water through a distributor located below the heat transfer tubes. This causes the water in the tank to circulate rapidly, resulting in a high thermal efficiency (above 95%) and a high heat transfer coefficient outside the heat pipe.
Since the water in the tank is in a stirred state, this prevents the accumulation of deposits or scale on the external surface of the heating tubes. Since the tank is kept at a constant temperature, the system can cope well with sudden changes in water flow caused by load fluctuations, and fast start-up of the system can also be realized. Due to the large number of equipment components and moving parts, control and maintenance of immersion-fired ambient air vaporizers is much more difficult than for open-frame units.
These units are safer and more reliable. Since the water temperature is kept below the ignition point of the leaking gas, the gas leaking from the hydrocarbon pipeline is carried away by the water flow and there is no danger of explosion. The water in the tank must always maintain a certain water level, so it is more appropriate to install this system in areas that freeze in winter.

Liquid medium ambient air vaporizer (IFV)
The LNG gasification process usually uses a Rankine cycle system or a glycol-water liquid medium for heat exchange to gasify it.

Ambient air ambient air vaporizer (AAV)
The AAV is a vertical heat exchanger that gasifies LNG by obtaining heat from the atmosphere through heat transfer pipes.

Selection of Ambient Air Vaporizer

As an important part of the receiving station, the selection of ambient air vaporizer will directly affect the safety, reliability and economy of the receiving station. Usually, the main factors to be considered in selecting the ambient air vaporizer for LNG receiving station are the capacity/operating parameters of the ambient air vaporizer, the adaptability and reliability of the ambient air vaporizer, the environment in which the receiving station is located, the availability of heat sources and utility conditions, the operating costs and investment.
Usually, in the configuration of the ambient air vaporizer, generally need 1-2 kinds of ambient air vaporizer combination, the current choice of ambient air vaporizer first consider the open-frame ambient air vaporizer + submerged combustion ambient air vaporizer configuration, because the open-frame ambient air vaporizer is suitable for large capacity receiving station, and its operating costs are lower; submerged combustion ambient air vaporizer operating costs, although relatively high The operating cost of submerged combustion type ambient air vaporizer is relatively high, but its initial investment is low and its operation is reliable. In countries and regions with high environmental protection requirements, the use of the ambient air vaporizer will be limited. If in the seawater sand content is high or seawater chemical properties can not meet the requirements of the place, in addition to consider the treatment measures, can also be used in the intermediate medium of environmental air gasifier.

Configuration of Ambient Air Vaporizer

In order to ensure the safe, smooth and efficient operation of the plant, reduce costs and increase efficiency, it is also crucial to choose the optimal configuration of the ambient air vaporizer.

The main difference between SCV and ORV

The installation cost of SCV is very low, but because it provides heat for LNG gasification needs to burn a small portion of the gasification product, so its operating costs are relatively high, the installation cost of ORV is much higher, mainly because of the heat required for LNG gasification by a large number of seawater to provide.

Limitations of ORV operation

ORVs can be designed to operate continuously at a seawater temperature of 1°C, while the temperature of the gas after gasification is lowered accordingly. This is because the freezing temperature of seawater containing salts is -1.9℃. At present, the world's LNG receiving station, South Korea's Incheon receiving station ORV seawater inlet design temperature of 5 ℃, but when the inlet seawater temperature of 2 ℃, ORV can continue to work (when the temperature is lower than the design value, ORV gasification capacity is also reduced accordingly, the ability to reduce the size of the seawater through the ORV depends on how much the seawater temperature is reduced, the typical design is the inlet seawater temperature of 5 ℃, the outlet temperature of 0 ℃ ).

SCV operation flexibility

SCV operation can make the water bath temperature is basically maintained at 16 ℃. This temperature can be adjusted in the range of 2°C to 54°C. The typical temperature of the gas when it is output from the SCV is 4°C. Therefore, it is easy to control the actual temperature of the gas at output (i.e. up to 42°C) by changing the water bath temperature. The temperature adjustability of the SCV also allows it to be used in conjunction with an ORV as a means of compensating for lower gas temperatures by mixing the SCV with the gas from the ORV when seawater temperatures are low.The configuration of the ORV and SCV for operation is determined by the seawater temperature and the volume of gas to be delivered. When the seawater temperature is higher than or equal to 5℃, ORV will be operated in priority, and SCV will be turned on when the requirement of natural gas transmission cannot be met by the full operation of ORV.

Operation and Maintenance of Ambient Air Gasifier

(1)Operation and maintenance of ORV
According to the operation data of Jiangsu LNG receiving station, in summer, the seawater flow rate of 7800t/h can satisfy the full load operation of 200t/h; in winter, the seawater temperature is lower, the seawater flow rate must satisfy 9180t/h, and when the temperature is low, the tube bundles will be iced, and the temperature of the exported NG will be lowered. Therefore, the operation of ORV in winter needs to be emphasized, especially when the seawater temperature is lower than 5.5℃.
When the seawater temperature is low in winter, the operator should pay close attention to the seawater temperature and total seawater flow, whether the seawater is evenly distributed and whether there is any foreign substance on the pipe bundle.
① ORV maintenance experience summary
A. Strengthen the inspection, especially when the seawater temperature is lower than 5.5℃;
B. Appropriate increase of seawater flow rate can be considered when the seawater temperature drops to 7℃;
C. Ensure that one SCV is in a low-flow cooling standby state when the seawater temperature is around 7℃;
D. Check the opening degree of seawater butterfly valve of each tank, try to make the opening degree can ensure the even distribution of water flow;
E. When found in the water tank water flow obviously slow down when the shutdown maintenance to clean up the pipeline in the fiberglass debris;
F. found that there are foreign substances should be cleaned up in a timely manner, as far as possible not to affect the icing.

(2) SCV operation and maintenance
① Operational characteristics of SCV SCV is used when the seawater temperature is lower than 5℃, when the external transmission peaks, or when the ORV fails, and uses natural gas combustion to heat and gasify the low-temperature LNG.
Factors affecting the operation of SCV During the operation of SCV, there are many factors that can affect the normal operation of SCV, such as the ratio of air volume and fuel gas, fuel gas pressure, the temperature and level of the water bath, the degree of combustion of the fuel gas, and the gas detection at the fuel gas inlet and the chimney.
② Experience of SCV maintenance
A. Test the SCV regularly to ensure the standby rate of the SCV.
B.No leakage in piping and water bath.
C.Combustion air blower inlet is clear.
D. There are no signs of damage to the structure or any major components. Do not attempt to start the SCV if the burner top plate is loose or missing; be careful of burner back plate temperatures when operating the SCV and make sure the protective screen is installed.
E. Check that the operating instructions on the local control panel are normal, that there are no system fault alarms, and that the ESD button is not damaged.
F. Regularly check and record the relevant parameters of the SCV.

Our Factory

Wuxi Scheele Energy Technology Co., Ltd. is located in Wuxi in the beautiful Taihu Lake, Wuxi cities in the economically developed Yangtze River Delta.
Wuxi Scheele Energy Technology Co., Ltd. is a gas and industrial gas equipment research, development, manufacturing, and engineering solution that provides comprehensive science and technology enterprises. Our Company has established and perfected quality records control, process quality control, product improvement, customer service response, and system improvements, including the management system, and has highly Qualified technical engineers and production technicians, excellent team, so that the core competitiveness of enterprises constantly enhanced.
Wuxi Scheele Energy Technology Co., Ltd. adhering to the "Strict Integrity, Technical Expertise, Quality Assurance, Quality Assurance, Efficient Service" business philosophy, to provide our customers with advanced products and quality service.
Wuxi Scheele Energy Technology Co., Ltd. has been working closely with many gas companies.

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FAQ

Q: How does an ambient air vaporizer work?

A: Heat from the air is transferred through natural convection to the vaporiser pipe. The natural convection is created by the temperature difference between the atmospheric air and the air around the cold pipe. Heat is conducted from the outside of the pipe to the inner wall.

Q: What temperature is an ambient vaporizer?

A: Ambient air vaporizers are used to regasify cryogenic liquids at extremely low temperature (below -153°C). Frost formation occurs on it due to large temperature difference between ambient air and cryogenic fluid.

Q: What fields are ambient air vaporizers suitable for?

A: Ambient air vaporizers are widely used in the gasification process of cryogenic liquids such as liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquid oxygen, and liquid nitrogen. They are important equipment in the fields of energy, chemical industry, and medical treatment.

Q: What are the advantages of ambient air vaporizers?

A: The advantages of ambient air vaporizers include:
Energy saving and environmental protection: no external energy is required, ambient air is used for heat exchange, and there is no pollution.
Low maintenance cost: simple structure, reliable operation, and easy maintenance.
Strong adaptability: It can work under various climatic conditions and has a wide range of applications.

Q: What are the disadvantages of ambient air vaporizers?

A: The disadvantage of ambient air vaporizers is that they are greatly affected by ambient temperature, and the vaporization efficiency will be reduced in low temperature environments.

Q: How to improve the vaporization efficiency of ambient air vaporizers?

A: Improving the vaporization efficiency of ambient air vaporizers can be achieved by increasing the number of fins, optimizing the fin structure, and increasing the air flow rate.

Q: What are the materials of ambient air vaporizers usually made of?

A: Ambient air vaporizers are usually made of corrosion-resistant and thermally conductive materials such as aluminum alloy to ensure long-term stable operation of the equipment.

Q: What is the structure of an ambient air vaporizer?

A: Ambient air vaporizers are usually composed of multiple fin tubes in parallel, and the fin tubes are arranged at a certain spacing to form a heat exchange channel. The air flows through the gaps between the fins and exchanges heat with the cryogenic liquid.

Q: Does the ambient air vaporizer need regular maintenance?

A: Yes, the ambient air vaporizer needs regular inspection and maintenance, including cleaning the frost on the fins and checking the sealing performance to ensure the normal operation of the equipment.

Q: What is the role of ambient air vaporizer in LNG receiving station?

A: In LNG receiving station, ambient air vaporizer is mainly used to convert LNG from liquid to gas for storage, transportation and use.

Q: What is the design pressure and operating temperature of ambient air vaporizer?

A: The design pressure and operating temperature of ambient air vaporizer depend on the specific application scenario and medium. Generally, the design pressure can reach several MPa and the operating temperature range is wide.

Q: How to prevent icing of ambient air vaporizer?

A: When ambient air vaporizer works in low temperature environment, in order to prevent icing from affecting heat exchange efficiency, heating and heat preservation measures such as electric heating and steam heating can be taken.

Q: How to calculate the heat exchange area of ambient air vaporizer?

A: The heat exchange area calculation of ambient air vaporizer involves complex thermal calculation, which usually needs to be calculated according to specific parameters such as medium, flow rate, temperature, etc.

Q: What is the selection principle of ambient air vaporizer?

A: The selection principles of ambient air vaporizers mainly include parameters such as the properties of the medium, flow, pressure, temperature, and other parameters, as well as factors such as the size, weight, and cost of the equipment.

Q: How does the ambient air vaporizer perform in a low-temperature environment?

A: In a low-temperature environment, the vaporization efficiency of the ambient air vaporizer will be affected to a certain extent, but by optimizing the design and taking appropriate insulation measures, a high vaporization efficiency can be maintained.

Q: How does the ambient air vaporizer compare with other types of vaporizers?

A: Compared with other types of vaporizers (such as electric heating, hot water bath, etc.), the ambient air vaporizer has the advantages of energy saving, environmental protection, and low maintenance cost, but the vaporization efficiency in a low-temperature environment may be slightly inferior to other types of vaporizers.

Q: What is the service life of the ambient air vaporizer?

A: The service life of the ambient air vaporizer depends on many factors, including equipment material, use environment, maintenance status, etc. Generally speaking, under normal use and maintenance, the service life of the ambient air vaporizer can reach decades.

Q: What safety issues should be paid attention to when the ambient air vaporizer is in operation?

A: When operating the ambient air vaporizer, attention should be paid to preventing safety issues such as overpressure and overtemperature. At the same time, the sealing performance of the equipment and the working status of safety accessories such as safety valves should be checked regularly.

Q: What is an ambient air vaporizer?

A: An ambient air vaporizer is a device that uses the large temperature difference between ambient air and cryogenic liquid for heat exchange. It heats the cryogenic liquid through natural convection or forced convection of air to convert it into gas.

Q: What is the working principle of an ambient air vaporizer?

A: The working principle of an ambient air vaporizer is to use the heat exchange between air and cryogenic liquid, increase the heat exchange area through finned tubes, improve the heat exchange efficiency, and make the cryogenic liquid quickly absorb heat in the vaporizer and convert it into gas.

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